Type 304L is the low carbon version of Stainless steel 304.

This property has resulted in 304 being the dominant grade used in applications like sinks and saucepans. Stainless steel 304 is an austenitic grade that can be severely deep drawn.

Food preparation equipment particularly in chlorid e environments.It is still sometimes referred to by its old name 18/8 which is derived from the nominal composition of type 304 being 18% chromium and 8% nickel.

It can be hardened by cold working, which can also result in increased strength. Hardening and Work HardeningДЈ16L stainless steel does not harden in response to heat treatments. Post-work annealing should be carried out to remove internal stresses. Most common cold working operations such as shearing, drawing, and stamping can be performed on 316L stainless steel.

Post-work annealing should be carried out to induce maximum corrosion resistance. Optimal hot working temperatures should be in the range 1150-1260 вЊ, and certainly should not be less than 930 вЊ. Hot and Cold WorkingДЈ16L stainless steel can be hot worked using the most common hot working techniques. For this reason, low speeds and constant feed rates are recommended.ДЈ16L stainless steel is also easier to machine compared to 316 stainless steel due to its lower carbon content. MachiningДЈ16L stainless steel tends to work harden if machined too quickly. This is not required for 316L.ДЈ16L stainless steel is not generally weldable using oxyacetylene welding methods. Heavy welded sections in Grade 316 require post-weld annealing for maximum corrosion resistance. WeldingД®xcellent weldability by all standard fusion and resistance methods, both with and without filler metals. These grades cannot be hardened by thermal treatment. Solution Treatment (Annealing) - Heat to 1010-1120 вЊ and cool rapidly. Grade 316H has higher strength at elevated temperatures and is sometimes used for structural and pressure-containing applications at temperatures above about 500 вЊ.

Grade 316L is more resistant to carbide precipitation and can be used in the above temperature range. Continuous use of 316 in the 425-860 вЊ range is not recommended if subsequent aqueous corrosion resistance is important. Good oxidation resistance in intermittent service to 870 вЊ and in continuous service to 925 вЊ. This is particularly associated with crevices and rough surface finish. In many marine environments, 316 does exhibit surface corrosion, usually visible as brown staining. Considered resistant to potable water with up to about 1000 mg/L chlorides at ambient temperatures, reducing to about 500 mg/L at 60 вЊ.ДЈ16 is usually regarded as the standard вЂњmarine grade stainless steelвЂќ, but it is not resistant to warm seawater. Subject to pitting and crevice corrosion in warm chloride environments, and to stress corrosion cracking above about 60 вЊ. Higher resistance to chlorides than 316L, but with similar resistance to stress corrosion cracking.Д®xcellent in a range of atmospheric environments and many corrosive media - generally more resistant than 304. Possible alternative grades to 316 stainless steel. If exact equivalents are needed original specifications must be consulted. The list is intended as a comparison of functionally similar materials,В not as a schedule of contractual equivalents. Note: These comparisons are approximate only. Grade specifications for 316L stainless steel. Mean Co-eff of Thermal Expansion (Вµm/m/вЊ) Typical physical properties for 316-grade stainless steels. Mechanical properties of 316L stainless steel. Composition ranges for 316L stainless steel. Similar but not necessarily identical properties are specified for other products such as pipe and bar in their respective specifications. These properties are specified for the flat-rolled products (plate, sheet, and coil) in ASTM A240/A240M. The austenitic structure also gives these grades excellent toughness, even down to cryogenic temperatures.Д¬ompared to chromium-nickel austenitic stainless steels, 316L stainless steel offers higher creep, stress to rupture and tensile strength at elevated temperatures. There is commonly no appreciable price difference between 316 and 316L stainless steel. Thus it is extensively used in heavy gauge welded components (over about 6mm). Grade 316L, the low carbon version of 316 and is immune from sensitization (grain boundary carbide precipitation). The molybdenum gives 316 better overall corrosion resistant properties than Grade 304, particularly higher resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion in chloride environments. Grade 316 is the standard molybdenum-bearing grade, second in importance to 304 amongst the austenitic stainless steels.

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